Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that is responsible for producing antibodies. This condition is characterized by the overproduction of abnormal plasma cells that can accumulate in various parts of the body, including the bones.
When multiple myeloma affects the bones, it can lead to a range of symptoms and complications. In this blog, we will explore how multiple myeloma affects your bones, the symptoms to watch out for, and the available treatments.
How multiple myeloma affects your bones?
Multiple myeloma can weaken your bones and make them more susceptible to fractures. This is because the abnormal plasma cells that accumulate in the bones can cause damage to the bone tissue, leading to bone loss and weakening.
The condition can affect any bone in the body, but it most commonly affects the spine, ribs, pelvis, and long bones in the arms and legs. When multiple myeloma affects the bones, it is referred to as “myeloma bone disease.”
Symptoms of myeloma bone disease
The symptoms of myeloma bone disease can vary depending on the severity and location of the bone damage. Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Bone pain – this is the most common symptom of myeloma bone disease. The pain can be localized or widespread, and it may worsen with movement.
- Bone fractures – weakened bones can easily fracture or break, even with minimal trauma.
- Numbness or weakness in the arms or legs – this can occur when the abnormal plasma cells compress the nerves that pass through the affected bones.
- Hypercalcemia – high levels of calcium in the blood can cause fatigue, nausea, constipation, and confusion.
Treatment for myeloma bone disease
The treatment of myeloma bone disease depends on the severity of the bone damage and the individual’s overall health. Some of the most common treatments include:
- Bisphosphonates – these drugs can help slow down the bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures.
- Radiation therapy – this can be used to target and kill the abnormal plasma cells in the affected bones.
- Surgery – in some cases, surgery may be necessary to stabilize a broken bone or remove damaged bone tissue.
- Chemotherapy – this can be used to kill the abnormal plasma cells and reduce the production of the harmful proteins that damage the bones.
- Stem cell transplant – this may be an option for people with advanced multiple myeloma who have undergone chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
In conclusion, multiple myeloma can have a significant impact on the bones, leading to pain, fractures, and other complications. If you are experiencing any symptoms of myeloma bone disease, it is essential to speak with your doctor to determine the best treatment options for you. Early detection and treatment can help manage the condition and improve your quality of life.
